High contrast extensions help people with low vision, light sensitivity or general eye strain read web pages more comfortably by remapping colors. Chrome also has some built-in accessibility settings, but a dedicated extension usually offers finer control, per-site preferences and presets, which matters if the built-in options aren't strong enough for your needs.
What a high contrast extension changes
Most high contrast extensions invert or remap a page's background and text colors, often offering presets like dark-on-light, light-on-dark, or grayscale with boosted contrast. Better ones let you exclude images and videos from the effect, since inverting a photo usually makes it look wrong, and adjust the contrast level rather than only offering one fixed setting.
High contrast vs Chrome's built-in accessibility settings
Chrome includes some accessibility features under Settings, Accessibility, such as a basic page zoom and a link to install a screen reader, but it doesn't include a general-purpose high contrast mode for all sites. A dedicated extension fills that gap with adjustable contrast and per-site rules that Chrome's settings don't offer on their own.
Per-site settings matter for readability
Not every site needs the same contrast treatment: a site that's already dark-themed may look worse inverted. Look for an extension that remembers your preferred setting per website, or lets you quickly disable it on sites where the default styling already works well for you.